HOMA-B (Beta-Cell Function)
HOMA-B (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Beta-Cell Function) is a calculated index that estimates how well your pancreatic beta cells are producing insulin. It is derived from your fasting glucose and fasting insulin values rather than measured directly.
HOMA-B provides a convenient estimate of beta-cell activity using standard fasting labs. It complements HOMA-IR, which estimates insulin resistance, so together they sketch both sides of the insulin story. The value is computed from a formula combining fasting insulin and fasting glucose, so it reflects those inputs rather than a direct measurement of your pancreas.
A higher HOMA-B may suggest your beta cells are producing more insulin, sometimes as compensation for insulin resistance. Because it relies on fasting insulin, which varies between labs and with stress or recent food, it is best viewed as an estimate. Your clinician interprets it alongside your other markers.
A lower HOMA-B may suggest reduced beta-cell insulin output, though as a derived value it depends entirely on the accuracy of the fasting inputs. Its meaning is clearest when read with your glucose and clinical context.
There is no universal cutoff for HOMA-B, and interpretation varies by lab and population. Your clinician can explain what your specific result suggests.
Sources
Educational context only, not medical advice or a diagnosis. Reference ranges vary by lab, age and sex; always discuss your results with a clinician.